In 1896 William Dean Howells, known today as one of Twain’s associates, wrote a brief remembrance of his father’s country newspaper in the 1840s and 1850s. This was in Ashtabula at the northeast edge of Ohio.
He discussed the Patent Insides, which were dominant in 1896:
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Twice or thrice the present typesetting was then done in the country offices. At the present day the country printer buys of a city agency his paper already printed on one side, and he gets it for the cost of the blank paper, the agency finding its account in the advertisements it puts in. Besides this patent inside, as it is called, the printer buys stereotyped selections of other agencies, which offer him almost as wide a range of matter as the exchange newspapers he used to choose from.
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A beautiful passage on the joy of craft:
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It is like the relation which all the arts bear to the world, and which is peculiarly thankless in a purely commercial civilization like ours; though I cannot pretend that printing is an art in the highest sense. I have heard old journeymen claim that it was a profession and ought to rank with the learned professions, but I am afraid that was from too fond a pride in it. It is in one sort a handicraft, like any other, like carpentering or stone-cutting; but it has its artistic delight, as every handicraft has. There is the ideal in all work; and I have had moments of unsurpassed gladness in feeling that I had come very near the ideal in what I had done in my trade. This joy is the right of every worker, and in so far as modern methods have taken it from him they have wronged him.
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On the nature of subscribers, which should sound DEEPLY FAMILIAR to a modern Substacker:
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It did not fall out so; even of those who subscribed in the ardor of their political
sympathies, many never paid; but our list was nevertheless handsomely increased, and numbered fifteen or sixteen hundred. I do not know how it may be now, but then most country papers had a list of four or five hundred subscribers; a few had a thousand, a very few twelve hundred, and these were fairly decimated by delinquents.
I remember there was serious talk of risking the loss of the delinquents on our list by exacting payment in advance; but the measure was thought too bold, and we compromised by demanding two dollars a year for the paper, and taking a dollar and a half if paid in advance.
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$2 a year in 1840 would be about $60 now, another familiar number to Substackers.
Also familiar to the same moderns:
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Of course, much of the political writing in the paper was controversial, and was carried on with editors of other opinions elsewhere in the county, for we had no rival in our own village. In this, which has always been the vice of American journalism, the country press was then fully as provincial as the great metropolitan journals are now. These may be more pitilessly personal in the conduct of their political discussions, and a little more skilled in obloquy and insult; but the bickering went on in the country papers quite as idly and foolishly.
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The newspaper readers in that area were exactly the same religious and political fanatics who were moving west to settle Kansas as an ignition point for the war that would make the world safe for sweatshops. Manhattan was originally New Boston, and the steamship that brought the settlers from Connecticut and Massachusetts was the Cincinnati.
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I suppose that outside of the antislavery circles of Boston there was nowhere in
the country a population so resolute and so intelligent in its political opinions. They were very radical in every way, and hospitable to novelty of all kinds. I imagine that they tested more new religions and new patents than have been even heard of in less inquiring communities. When we came among them they had lately been swept by the fires of Spiritualism, which left behind a great deal of smoke and ashes where the inherited New England orthodoxy had been.
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Polistra's Mill 