Via Nieman, a survey of journalists in Austria has one interesting conclusion. It’s correct for USA, but I don’t know Austria so can’t judge if it’s correct there.
This paragraph is phrased in the alien language of journalists. It needs some translation into human thought patterns.
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Meanwhile, perceptions of professional autonomy often didn’t have an impact — except when it came to value frames. Journalists with more autonomy showed more alignment between their ideology and the value frames used in their stories. “The ability to select statements and viewpoints that align with their own values seems to depend on perceiving a corresponding level of editorial freedom,” the authors surmise. Journalists who said they had low autonomy produced stories that reflected less of their political orientation, even resulting in liberal journalists producing right-leaning stories.
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Translating: All journalists will write 100% DNC talking points unless they are FORCED BY LAW to tell the truth.
The Fairness Doctrine began informally when Herbert Hoover** was in charge of radio in the early 20s, and became more formal and strict under FDR. The doctrine recognized that all journalists will lie unless forced to tell the truth. It worked until it was repealed in the 80s. Now all journalists lie because they have “autonomy”.
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** Footnote for metafairness. I’ve probably been too hard on Hoover. He belongs as a middle stage between Wilson and FDR. Wilson formalized Deepstate and turned the country into a warmaking personal dictatorship with total control of EVERYTHING.
After the world realized the futility of WW1, broad sentiment changed. Harding was elected on a wave of revulsion against war and tyranny. He spoke and acted effectively to tear down Wilson’s evil construct. Deepstate found his weak spot, scandaled him into submission, and basically killed him. Coolidge, unprepared for power, let the bankers run free. Hoover was an engineer, not a banker. He recognized the craziness and tried to fix things. Wall Street rebelled and knocked him down with a crash. After that he couldn’t accomplish much. Still, many of the New Deal’s accomplishments (including the Fairness Doctrine and TVA) were developed by Hoover’s admin and fully implemented by FDR.
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